Linux Distribution Overview

Linux is an open-source operating system available in a variety of distributions, or “distros.”
Each Linux distribution is distinct and caters to a specific group of users, whether they are novices, advanced users, or system administrators. Below are some examples of prominent Linux distributions and their distinguishing features:

  1. Ubuntu: Ubuntu is one of the most popular Linux distributions and is designed to be user-friendly and easy to use. It is based on the Debian distribution and has a large community of users who contribute to its development. It comes with a wide variety of pre-installed applications and has a focus on security and stability.
  2. Debian: Debian is a stable and reliable distribution that is known for its strict adherence to open-source principles. It is known for its package management system, which makes it easy to install, update, and manage software. It is a popular choice for servers and can be used for desktops as well.
  3. Fedora: Fedora is a community-driven distribution sponsored by Red Hat. It is designed to be cutting-edge and is often used by developers and power users. It has a focus on new technologies and includes the latest software versions. It is also known for its excellent security features.
  4. Arch Linux: Arch Linux is a minimalist distribution that is designed for advanced users who want more control over their system. It is a rolling release distribution, which means that it is constantly updated with the latest software. It has a powerful package management system and a large community of users who contribute to its development.
  5. Linux Mint: Linux Mint is a user-friendly distribution that is based on Ubuntu. It is known for its clean and easy-to-use interface and comes with a variety of pre-installed applications. It has a focus on multimedia and includes a number of tools for managing audio and video files.

These are just a few examples of the many different Linux distributions available. Each distribution has its own strengths and weaknesses, so it’s important to choose one that best fits your needs and preferences.

Linux is just a kernel

Linux is just a kernel, which is the core component of an operating system that manages hardware resources and provides services to applications. While the Linux kernel was originally developed by Linus Torvalds in 1991, the term “Linux” is now commonly used to refer to a complete operating system that includes the kernel, user-space utilities, libraries, and application software.

A typical Linux-based operating system includes a wide range of components, such as the GNU utilities and tools, the X Window System for graphical user interfaces, a package management system for installing and managing software, and various desktop environments and applications. These components are typically combined and packaged together by various Linux distributions to create a complete operating system that can be installed and used on a computer.

So while Linux itself is just a kernel, the term “Linux” is often used more broadly to refer to a complete operating system that is based on the Linux kernel and includes a wide range of additional software components.

Why Distro?

Asking customers to download the source code of an operating system they can’t compile themselves is never a good idea. It’s worth looking at the distribution methods used by Linux OS in the 1990s, when it was everywhere but not very user-friendly.

In addition, they had to then link them together to make a working operating system, which seemed like a herculean task for the beginners to the operating systems arena.

The open-source operating system was compiled for multiple processor architectures, making it easy to install.

With prebuilt images, users can skip the hard work of compiling their own OS software. The source code is available for download online so that user freedom remains a priority.

Since every community’s needs and goals were different, these communities started distributing built images of this operating system with all the essential tools installed.

Thus the age of Distros began! If you look at distrowatch.com there are over 1000 Linux distributions available for download each one trying to fill a specific market need!

One of the main reasons why there are so many different Linux distributions, or “distros”, is because Linux is open-source software, which means that anyone can take the Linux kernel and build their own operating system around it.

Different users have different needs, preferences, and levels of expertise, and Linux distributions are tailored to meet these different needs. Some users may prefer a distribution that is easy to use and comes with a lot of pre-installed software, while others may want a distribution that is highly customizable and gives them complete control over their system. Some may need a distribution that is optimized for specific tasks, such as gaming or multimedia production.

By offering different Linux distributions, developers can target specific user groups and provide them with an operating system that is best suited for their needs. This also means that users have more choices and can choose a distribution that works best for them, whether they are beginners or advanced users.

In addition, the open-source nature of Linux distributions means that they are often developed and maintained by communities of developers and enthusiasts, who collaborate to create and improve the software. This can lead to more innovation, faster development cycles, and a more vibrant ecosystem of software and tools.

Ubuntu Linux was designed to be a user-friendly, customizable operating system.
Originally released in 2004, Ubuntu takes the best of Linux and applies it in a way that is accessible to new users. It offers a wide variety of flavors, from the user-friendly Ubuntu GNOME to the lightweight Xubuntu.

Ubuntu is characterized by flexibility, performance, and power. Ubuntu allows businesses to cut costs by eliminating the software license fees they pay for proprietary systems.
Ubuntu is currently working on expanding the Ubuntu distribution to run on smartphones and tablets.

Linux vs Windows:

Security:

Linux is more than a buzzword! Let’s explore some of the advantages of Linux over Windows.
Linux is open-source software, community-powered, and run by millions of people from across the globe. You can add features, fix bugs, or reduce security risks, all with one common goal: to make Linux better. Thanks to the collaborative nature of open-source projects.

When you use Linux, you’re in control, there’s no need for costly antivirus when your security is basically guaranteed. Linux is more secure than Windows because of the way it’s designed and handles user permissions. This is one reason why most of the web runs on Linux.

Command Line:

If you’re familiar with the Linux command line, the vast majority of tasks you’ll need to accomplish can be done just by running a few commands.

You can put together scripts that will automate menial tasks for you, and you can easily find documentation for any command on just about any website.

The possibilities are seemingly endless, which is what makes it so great! Isn’t that really cool?

Reliability:

Microsoft Windows is used by the majority of consumers all over the world, but it isn’t as reliable as Linux.

When you’re working with a Windows computer, programs sometimes hang and refuse to close and then even force you to reboot your computer (which can get pretty annoying).

Unlike Windows, which can be prone to hangs and slowness, Linux applications are self-contained, have less of a risk of freezing, are more stable in general, and can be killed with a single line of code.

System update:

While Windows forced updates can be helpful to some, they aren’t the best option for everyone. This may be a hassle for a user who needs to send an urgent mail.

Linux distributions often offer users more control over their update preferences, allowing them to keep systems up to date at their own pace.

This means you won’t have to worry about your system updating right in the middle of something important!

Linux doesn’t force its users to install new updates against their wishes.

OVERALL:

You can think of Windows, but you cannot deny that Linux is a winner in the market! Linux, it’s like a volcano: quiet, but when it erupts, everyone notices.

The freedom to change or build anything from a small part of an app’s interface to the entire system distinguishes Linux from other operating systems.

Linux is more secure than Windows, which means reduced security breaches and potential malware attacks. You get Linux, you get speed, both for free.

Why choose Linux over Windows?

There are several reasons why someone might choose Linux over Windows:

  1. Open Source: Linux is an open-source operating system, which means that its source code is freely available and can be modified and distributed by anyone. This promotes transparency, accountability, and collaboration among developers and users, and allows for greater customization and innovation.
  2. Security: Linux is generally considered to be more secure than Windows due to its architecture, which is designed to be less vulnerable to malware and other security threats. Linux also has a more robust permission system that allows users to control access to files and directories, which can help to prevent unauthorized access and data breaches.
  3. Cost: Linux is free to use and distribute, which means that users can save money on licensing fees and other costs associated with proprietary software. In addition, Linux-based applications and tools are often free or available at lower costs compared to their proprietary counterparts.
  4. Flexibility: Linux is highly customizable and can be configured to meet a wide range of user needs and preferences. It also supports a wide range of hardware architectures and can run on older or lower-end hardware, which can be beneficial for users who want to extend the life of their older hardware.
  5. Community and Support: Linux has a large and active community of developers, users, and enthusiasts who collaborate to create and maintain the software. This community provides a wealth of resources, including forums, documentation, and support channels, which can be beneficial for users who are new to the platform or need help troubleshooting issues.

Of course, Windows also has its own advantages, such as greater compatibility with popular software and hardware, a larger user base, and a more familiar user interface for many users. Ultimately, the choice between Linux and Windows will depend on the user’s needs, preferences, and expertise.

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I am a Full-Stack Web Developer & Security Analyst from Bangladesh. I have built web/online applications on various Open Source Stacks and love information security testing.

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